Susan Ehrlich Martin recently retired from government after 15 years as a program director at the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Prior to that, she directed several research studies at the Police Foundation and the National Research Council. Her previous and continuing research interests focus on womens problems as workers, victims, and substance abusers. Her other books include Breaking and Entering: Police Women on Patrol (University of California Press, 1980) and On the Move: The Status of Women in Policing (Police Foundation, 1990).

List of Tables
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction: Changes in Criminal Justice, Occupations, and Women in the Workplace
The CJS: Mission, Processes, and Workforce
Historical Context of Women in Justice Occupations
Legal Changes
Systemic Reforms and Expanded Opportunities for Women
Women and Todays Justice Occupations
Contents of the Second Edition of This Book
A Note on Perspective and Terminology
Endnotes
2. Explanations for Gender Inequality in the Workplace
Categorical Approaches to Gender Inequality at Work
Challenging Gender Dichotomies: Gender as Process
Our Approach: The Social Construction of Gender in the Workplace
Doing Gender in Work Organizations
Summary
Endnotes
3. The Nature of Police Work and Womens Entry Into Law Enforcement
An Historical Overview: From Matron to Chief
The Increasing Representation of Women in Police Work
The Nature of Policing: Scope of Work and Occupational Culture
The Police Culture and Mens Opposition to Women Officers
Barriers to Women Officers: Interaction, Ideology, and Images
Summary
Endnotes
4. Women Officers Encountering the Gendered Police Organization
Gendered Organizational Logic: Policies and Practices
Doing Gender on the Street: Dilemmas of Police-Citizen Encounters
Womens Response: Adaptations, Costs, and Survival Strategies
Summary
Endnotes
5. Women Entering the Legal Profession: Change and Resistance
Historical Overview: Barriers to Women in Law Before 1970
Changing Laws and Job Queues: Opening Legal Practice to Women
Lawyers Jobs, Specialties, and the Division of Legal Labor
Gendered Legal Occupational Culture and Barriers to Women
Summary
Endnotes
6. The Organizational Logic of the Gendered Legal World and Women Lawyers Response
Gender Bias in Law School and Its Impact on the Learning Environment
Gender Bias in the Firm, Office, and Agency
The Impact of Gender Bias on Women Attorneys in Court and Beyond
Organizational Logic and Limiting Opportunity Structures
Womens Responses to Gender Bias: Adaptation and Innovation
Summary
Endnotes
7. Women in Corrections: Advancement and Resistance
History of Women in Corrections: 1860s to 1960s
Social Change and Changing Queues for Women COs in the 1970s
Womens Movement Into CO Jobs in Mens Prisons: 1970s to Present
Characteristics of Women COs in Mens Prisons
CO Jobs as a Resource for Doing Gender
Sites of Struggle: Gendered Interactions, Gendered Identities
Summary
8. Gendered Organizational Logic and Women CO Response
Gendered, Racialized, Sexualized, and Embodied Prison Organizations
Social Context and the Shifting Organizational Logic of Corrections
Prison Organizational Logic and Womens Careers
Womens Performance: Adaptation and Innovation
Summary
9. Doing Justice, Doing Gender Today and Tomorrow: Occupations, Organizations, and Change
Our Theoretical Approach: A Recap
Comparison of Opportunities, Barriers, and Womens Responses
Do Women Make a Difference?
Building Feminist Theory and Policy
References
List of Cases Cited
Index
About the Authors